Meistarafyrirlestur í umhverfis- og auðlindafræði - Marianne Ribes

Meistaranemi: Marianne Ribes

Heiti verkefnis: Þættir sem stuðla að öfgum í hita og loftmengun í úthverfum borga og áhrif þess á framboð og neyslu á rafmagni.

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Deild: Umhverfis- og byggingarverkfræðideild

Leiðbeinendur: Jukka Heinonen, prófessor við Umhverfis- og byggingarverkfræðideild Háskóla Íslands og Harald Ulrik Sverdrup, prófessor við Iðnaðarverkfræði-, vélaverkfræði- og tölvunarfræðideild Háskóla Íslands.

Prófdómari: Hrund Ólöf Andradóttir, prófessor við Umhverfis- og byggingarverkfræðideild Háskóla Íslands.

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Ágrip

The existence of Climate Change is becoming a concept that is being more widely accepted. Simulations based on changing climatic circumstances on Earth confirm this claim. Among the extreme events to be expected, the probability of more severe and more frequent heat waves is supported by both science and real life occurrences. Nowadays, half of the world’s population lives in urban areas and the trend is growing. As many scholars link human mortality and high temperatures, therein lies an issue - the sanitary impact of heat wave increases with the population density. Due to higher population, cities become more vulnerable to extreme heat and less able to function. Hot temperatures, enhanced by Urban Heat Island, expose urban population to heat-related hazards: extreme heat and air pollution. Heat waves not only take a toll on lives of humans, they also are associated with malfunction of certain systems, such as electricity supply and consumption. Electricity has become a vital need worldwide, and its need dramatically increased in the last decades. Cities are heavily relying on electricity to function, but the electricity supply and consumption has a dual impact on extreme heat exposure, and increase the air pollution, increasing the exposure of the population to heat related hazards. This study examines the heat wave declared in June 2006 in Grenoble (France) using a system dynamic modelling approach to show how the electricity supply and consumption system both increases the heat-related hazards exposure of the population and is needed to reduce sanitary risks through contingency plans.

Fyrirlesturinn verður á ensku.